An incident involving property damage where a vehicle strikes an unattended, stationary vehicle and the responsible driver fails to stop and provide information is against the law in Washington State. This constitutes a specific type of traffic infraction, requiring the driver at fault to locate the owner or leave contact details. A common example is a driver colliding with a legally parked vehicle and departing the scene without reporting the incident.
The requirement to report such incidents aims to ensure accountability and facilitate restitution for damages incurred. Historically, laws surrounding traffic collisions and property damage have evolved to protect vehicle owners and maintain order on public roadways. Failing to adhere to these regulations can result in legal consequences, including fines, license suspension, and even criminal charges depending on the extent of the damage and any aggravating factors.
The following sections will delve into the specific legal requirements in Washington State, the potential consequences of failing to report damage to a parked vehicle, steps a victim can take after such an event, and how insurance coverage typically applies in these situations. Furthermore, resources available to victims and guidance on preventing future incidents will be outlined.
1. Reporting obligation
The imperative to report an incident where a vehicle strikes an unattended, parked car and the responsible driver flees the scene is a cornerstone of Washington State law. This obligation is not merely a suggestion; it is a legal mandate designed to ensure accountability and provide recourse for victims of property damage. Ignoring this duty carries significant legal and financial repercussions.
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Legal Duty to Inform
Washington State law explicitly requires any driver involved in a collision, including one with an unattended vehicle, to take reasonable steps to locate and notify the owner or person in charge of the damaged property. If direct contact is impossible, the driver must leave a written notice containing their name, address, and vehicle registration number in a conspicuous place on the damaged vehicle. Failing to comply constitutes a violation of state law, transforming a simple accident into a more serious offense.
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Time Sensitivity of Reporting
The urgency of reporting cannot be overstated. While the law does not specify an exact timeframe, prompt notification is crucial. Delaying the report can hinder the ability of law enforcement to investigate and potentially locate the responsible party. Furthermore, delays can complicate insurance claims and create legal challenges in recovering damages.
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Content of the Report
A comprehensive report to law enforcement and the affected vehicle owner should include detailed information about the collision. This includes the date, time, and location of the incident, a description of the damage to the parked vehicle, and all pertinent information about the vehicle involved in the hit-and-run, if available. Accurate and thorough reporting enhances the chances of identifying the at-fault driver and securing compensation for damages.
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Consequences of Non-Compliance
The ramifications of neglecting the reporting obligation extend beyond the initial property damage. A hit-and-run incident is typically classified as a misdemeanor or even a felony depending on the extent of the damage or any injuries involved. Penalties can include substantial fines, license suspension, and potential jail time. Moreover, failing to report the incident can negatively impact the driver’s insurance rates and create a lasting criminal record.
The reporting obligation, therefore, is not merely a formality but a critical component in the aftermath of a hit-and-run involving a parked vehicle in Washington State. It serves to uphold the principles of responsibility and accountability, ensuring that victims have access to legal and financial remedies while deterring drivers from fleeing the scene of an accident.
2. Financial responsibility
Financial responsibility looms large in the wake of a hit and run incident involving a parked car in Washington State. It is the unavoidable shadow cast by damaged metal and fractured plastic, a stark reminder that even when a driver vanishes into the anonymity of city streets, the cost of their actions remains. Consider the story of Mrs. Abernathy, a retired teacher who returned to find her parked sedan with a crumpled fender and a note claiming innocence. The departing driver, in haste to avoid consequences, created a financial burden that now fell upon her. This is where the weight of financial responsibility becomes palpable.
The immediate impact revolves around the repair costs, which can range from a few hundred dollars for minor cosmetic damage to thousands for significant structural repairs. Beyond the immediate repair, there are potential long-term effects on the vehicle’s resale value, a tangible loss resulting from the accident. More broadly, this shifts towards insurance. If the at-fault driver is identified, their insurance bears the responsibility. But in a hit and run, the onus often falls on the victim’s policy, triggering deductibles and potentially increasing premiums. Uninsured Motorist Property Damage coverage, if carried, becomes a crucial lifeline in these instances, mitigating the financial blow.
Ultimately, financial responsibility in a hit and run extends beyond mere dollars and cents. It embodies fairness and accountability. The absence of the at-fault driver creates a disruption, an injustice that the legal and insurance systems attempt to remedy, though often imperfectly. Understanding the intricacies of insurance coverage, the obligation to report, and the potential legal avenues available are paramount in navigating this challenging situation and mitigating the financial burden caused by another’s irresponsible actions on the roads of Washington State.
3. Investigation process
In the silent aftermath of a vehicle striking a parked car and fleeing, the investigation process stands as a vital pursuit of accountability. It’s a structured endeavor, conducted primarily by law enforcement, aiming to uncover the truth, identify the responsible party, and provide a foundation for legal recourse.
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Initial Scene Assessment
The investigation commences at the scene of the collision. Officers meticulously document the damage to the parked vehicle, noting the extent, location, and any discernible patterns. Evidence such as paint transfer, debris, and tire marks are cataloged. In a recent case on Capitol Hill, Seattle, a faint streak of crimson paint left on a silver sedan became the critical clue linking the incident to a nearby red pickup truck later found abandoned.
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Witness Interviews and Canvassing
Detectives actively seek out individuals who may have witnessed the collision. Their testimonies can provide invaluable details regarding the suspect vehicle’s description, direction of travel, and any identifying characteristics of the driver. A seemingly insignificant detail, such as a bumper sticker or a personalized license plate, can be instrumental in narrowing down the search. In a Kirkland neighborhood, a resident’s recollection of a partial license plate number proved pivotal in identifying the perpetrator.
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Video Surveillance Review
The proliferation of security cameras has become a significant asset in hit-and-run investigations. Traffic cameras, business surveillance systems, and residential video doorbells often capture crucial footage of the incident or the fleeing vehicle. This video evidence can provide irrefutable proof of the vehicle’s identity and trajectory. A hit and run near a Redmond shopping center was swiftly solved when security footage clearly showed the offending vehicle and its license plate.
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Vehicle Identification and Follow-Up
Once a suspect vehicle is identified, investigators conduct thorough background checks, tracing ownership and verifying insurance information. Law enforcement may then contact the registered owner for questioning or, in some cases, impound the vehicle for forensic examination. This step can reveal further evidence linking the vehicle to the scene of the collision. A vehicle located in Tacoma with matching damage and paint transfer ultimately led to the arrest of the driver responsible for a hit-and-run in Olympia.
These investigative facets, pieced together, form a comprehensive effort to bring closure and justice to those affected by the irresponsibility of a driver fleeing the scene of an accident involving a parked car in Washington State. While the investigation process cannot undo the damage, it serves as a testament to the commitment to accountability and the pursuit of justice within the legal framework.
4. Insurance coverage
Insurance coverage stands as a critical, often understated, character in the narrative of a hit and run involving a parked car in Washington State. It’s the safety net, sometimes frayed, that catches those left reeling after the abrupt departure of an at-fault driver. The story often begins with a sinking feeling: the scrape along the bumper, the shattered tail light, the undeniable evidence of impact. But the plot thickens when the realization dawns there’s no note, no contact information, just silence.
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Uninsured Motorist Property Damage (UMPD)
UMPD coverage is designed specifically for situations where an insured individual’s vehicle is damaged by an uninsured driver, including hit-and-run incidents. Imagine Sarah, who returned to her dented Prius after a grocery run. She didnt have collision coverage, but thankfully, she had UMPD. It covered her repair costs, minus her deductible, saving her from a considerable financial burden. However, UMPD often has a relatively low coverage limit, typically around \$3,000 to \$5,000 in Washington, which might not be sufficient for extensive damage. This illustrates the importance of understanding policy limits and considering adequate coverage levels.
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Collision Coverage
Collision coverage can also be used in hit-and-run scenarios, regardless of whether the at-fault driver is identified. This coverage pays for the damage to the insured’s vehicle, again subject to the deductible. Take the example of Mr. Henderson, who discovered significant damage to his truck parked overnight. His collision coverage kicked in, allowing him to get his truck repaired promptly. However, using collision coverage can affect premiums upon renewal, a consideration to weigh when deciding whether to file a claim, especially for minor damage.
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Deductibles and Policy Limits
Deductibles represent the amount the insured pays out-of-pocket before insurance coverage kicks in. In a hit-and-run case, deductibles apply to both UMPD and collision coverage. Policy limits, on the other hand, define the maximum amount the insurance company will pay. For example, if a vehicle sustains \$8,000 worth of damage in a hit-and-run incident, and the UMPD limit is \$5,000 with a \$500 deductible, the insurance company would pay \$4,500, leaving the insured responsible for the remaining \$3,500. The interaction between deductibles and policy limits significantly impacts the financial outcome for the victim.
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Reporting to Insurance
Prompt reporting to the insurance company is crucial. Delaying the report can complicate the claims process and potentially jeopardize coverage. The insurance company will typically require a police report and detailed information about the incident. Honest and accurate communication with the insurer is essential for a smooth claims process. Failure to disclose relevant information can lead to denial of the claim. This reporting also flags the incident, potentially affecting future premiums, a factor that must be balanced against the need for financial assistance.
Ultimately, insurance coverage acts as a crucial safety net in the often-unpredictable aftermath of a hit and run involving a parked car in Washington State. It provides a mechanism for financial recovery and vehicle repair, albeit one that requires careful navigation of policy terms, deductibles, and reporting requirements. Understanding the nuances of available coverage options empowers individuals to make informed decisions and mitigate the financial impact of such unfortunate incidents, transforming the initial feeling of helplessness into a more proactive approach towards recovery.
5. Legal penalties
The act of striking a parked car and fleeing the scene in Washington State triggers a cascade of legal consequences that transcend mere property damage. The severity of these penalties reflects society’s interest in maintaining order, ensuring accountability, and deterring individuals from evading responsibility after causing harm. The legal system, through statutes and judicial interpretations, establishes a framework of repercussions for those who choose to abandon the scene of an accident.
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Classification of Offense
In Washington, a hit-and-run involving a parked car is generally classified as a misdemeanor or gross misdemeanor, depending on the extent of the damage. If the damage to the unattended vehicle exceeds a certain threshold, the charge escalates. This threshold varies, but it often hinges on whether the damage surpasses a few hundred dollars. A simple scratch may lead to a lesser charge, while significant body damage elevates the offense, marking the initial determinant in legal severity. The difference influences the potential fines and jail time imposed.
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Financial Fines and Restitution
Financial penalties are a common component of the legal repercussions. Fines can range from hundreds to thousands of dollars, reflecting the severity of the offense and the defendant’s prior record. Beyond fines, the court may order restitution, requiring the offender to compensate the vehicle owner for the cost of repairs, rental car expenses, and any other financial losses directly resulting from the hit-and-run. Restitution serves to make the victim whole, restoring them to their financial position before the incident. This compensation is a direct acknowledgement of the material harm caused by the action.
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License Suspension or Revocation
The privilege of driving is often curtailed or revoked in hit-and-run cases. A license suspension can last from several months to a year or more, depending on the specifics of the case and the offender’s history. In more egregious instances, particularly those involving repeat offenses, the court may order a complete revocation of the driver’s license, effectively barring the individual from operating a motor vehicle. This measure is designed to protect public safety, preventing individuals with a demonstrated disregard for the law from endangering others on the road.
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Potential Jail Time
While not always imposed, jail time remains a possibility, especially in cases involving significant property damage or a pattern of reckless behavior. The length of potential incarceration varies, but it can range from a few days to several months in county jail. The prospect of jail time serves as a powerful deterrent, underscoring the seriousness with which the legal system views hit-and-run offenses. Judges consider various factors when determining whether to impose jail time, including the defendant’s criminal history, the severity of the damage, and any mitigating circumstances presented. For example, Mr. Davis, a repeat offender with two prior hit-and-run convictions, received a six-month jail sentence after fleeing the scene of an accident that caused substantial damage to a parked SUV. His sentence reflected the court’s determination to hold him accountable for his continued disregard for the law.
In essence, the legal penalties associated with striking a parked car and fleeing in Washington State are designed to balance punishment, deterrence, and victim compensation. These consequences, ranging from financial fines to potential incarceration, serve as a reminder that leaving the scene of an accident carries significant legal and societal ramifications, ultimately reinforcing the importance of responsibility and accountability on the state’s roadways.
6. Victim recourse
In the silent aftermath of a hit and run involving a parked car in Washington State, a sense of violation often permeates. Beyond the immediate inconvenience and financial burden, there lies a deeper feeling of injustice. It’s within this context that victim recourse emerges as a critical pathway toward restoring equilibrium and seeking redress for the harm inflicted. It signifies the legal and practical avenues available to those wronged, a lifeline in the face of another’s irresponsibility.
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Filing a Police Report and Investigation Cooperation
The cornerstone of any recourse is the formal reporting of the incident to law enforcement. This action initiates an official investigation, creating a documented record of the event. Imagine Mrs. Gable, who discovered her minivan severely dented. Her immediate call to the police wasn’t just procedural; it paved the way for detectives to canvass the area, review security footage, and potentially locate the responsible driver. Her active cooperation with the investigation, providing all available information, amplified the chances of a successful outcome. Without a police report, the journey towards recovery often stalls, lacking the official sanction and evidentiary support necessary for further action.
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Pursuing Insurance Claims and Uninsured Motorist Coverage
Navigating the insurance landscape becomes paramount. The availability of Uninsured Motorist Property Damage (UMPD) coverage can prove transformative. Consider the case of Mr. Ito, a small business owner whose delivery van was struck and damaged while parked outside his shop. His UMPD coverage helped him cover repair costs, minus the deductible. It wasn’t a perfect solution, but it averted a significant financial setback. This facet underscores the importance of understanding policy terms and considering adequate coverage to protect against the financial fallout of a hit and run.
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Civil Lawsuits and Seeking Damages
If the at-fault driver is identified, victims retain the right to pursue a civil lawsuit to recover damages beyond what insurance may cover. This avenue allows for the compensation of economic losses, such as medical expenses, lost wages, and diminished vehicle value, as well as non-economic damages like pain and suffering. Imagine a scenario where the hit-and-run driver caused severe whiplash to the parked car’s owner, who was briefly inside the vehicle when the collision occurred. A civil lawsuit becomes a mechanism to seek compensation for medical bills and the disruption of life. The burden of proof rests on the victim, highlighting the importance of diligent documentation and legal counsel.
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Victim Compensation Funds and State Resources
In some cases, state-administered victim compensation funds may offer financial assistance to cover losses resulting from criminal activity, including hit and runs. These funds often have eligibility requirements and limitations, but they can provide a crucial safety net for victims facing significant financial hardship. While this recourse isn’t always applicable, it serves as a reminder that broader societal resources exist to aid those impacted by crime, offering a beacon of hope in challenging times. Contacting the Washington State Department of Crime Victims Advocacy is a step in discovering assistance.
Victim recourse, therefore, represents a multi-faceted response to the injustice of a hit and run involving a parked car in Washington State. It encompasses legal avenues, insurance claims, and potential access to state resources, all aimed at restoring a sense of equilibrium and providing redress for the harm inflicted. While the process may be complex and challenging, it is a critical reminder that victims are not powerless in the face of another’s negligence and irresponsibility.
7. Witness accounts
In the intricate mosaic of a hit and run case involving a parked car in Washington State, witness accounts stand out as vital, often irreplaceable, tesserae. They bridge the gap between the silent aftermath and the potential identification of the responsible party. Absent the fleeing driver’s confession or video evidence, a reliable observer becomes the linchpin in the pursuit of justice. The story of Mrs. Elmsworth, a retired librarian in Spokane, exemplifies this. While watering her garden one afternoon, she saw a blue sedan sideswipe a parked pickup truck and speed away. Critically, she noted the first three letters of the license plate. This partial information, relayed to the police, narrowed down the search, eventually leading to the apprehension of the driver. Without her observation, the incident would have remained another unsolved statistic, leaving the truck owner to bear the burden alone.
The value of these accounts extends beyond simply identifying the vehicle. Witnesses can provide details about the driver’s behavior, the speed of the vehicle, and the surrounding circumstances. Such information paints a more complete picture for law enforcement, aiding in the determination of fault and the potential pursuit of criminal charges. The reliability of witness testimony is, of course, subject to scrutiny. Factors such as visibility, distance, and the witness’s attentiveness can influence the accuracy of their recollection. Cross-examination, a tool in legal proceedings, is the means to address the credibility of a witness accounts. Despite these challenges, a well-corroborated witness statement carries significant weight in the judicial process.
Ultimately, witness accounts represent a crucial component in the response to hit and run incidents in Washington State. They serve as a reminder of the power of observation and the responsibility of citizens to come forward with information that can assist in the pursuit of justice. Encouraging individuals to report what they see, and providing them with the means to do so safely and effectively, remains a critical element in holding drivers accountable for their actions and ensuring that victims receive the compensation and closure they deserve. The stories of those who came forward, like Mrs. Elmsworth, underscore the practical significance of citizen involvement in upholding order and fairness on the roads of the Evergreen State.
Frequently Asked Questions
This section addresses common inquiries arising from situations where a parked vehicle is struck and the responsible driver flees the scene in Washington State. These questions delve into the legal ramifications, practical considerations, and avenues of recourse available to those affected by such incidents.
Question 1: If a vehicle is struck while parked and the other driver leaves no information, what are the immediate steps one should take?
Upon discovering damage to a parked vehicle with no indication of the responsible party, the paramount initial action involves contacting local law enforcement to file a police report. This documentation serves as a crucial foundation for subsequent insurance claims and potential legal action. Securing photographs of the damage and the surrounding area provides invaluable evidence. Further, it is essential to notify the vehicle’s insurance provider promptly, initiating the claims process and exploring available coverage options.
Question 2: What legal penalties might a driver face if apprehended after fleeing the scene of a collision with a parked car?
The legal repercussions for a driver fleeing the scene of a collision with a parked vehicle in Washington State vary depending on the extent of the damage. Generally, such actions are classified as a misdemeanor or gross misdemeanor. Penalties may include substantial fines, driver’s license suspension, and potential jail time. Moreover, the court may order restitution, compelling the offender to compensate the vehicle owner for repair costs and related expenses. The severity of the punishment reflects the state’s commitment to accountability and the need to deter such irresponsible behavior.
Question 3: How does Uninsured Motorist Property Damage (UMPD) coverage apply in a hit and run involving a parked car?
Uninsured Motorist Property Damage (UMPD) coverage serves as a vital financial safety net in hit-and-run scenarios. If a vehicle is struck by an unidentified or uninsured driver, UMPD coverage can cover the cost of repairs, subject to the policy’s deductible. The existence of this coverage hinges on the specifics of the policy purchased and may not be mandatory. Mr. Johnson, for example, relied on his UMPD policy to repair his damaged truck after a hit and run left him with no other recourse. Careful review of insurance policies to ensure adequate UMPD coverage is therefore crucial.
Question 4: What role do witness accounts play in investigating a hit and run involving a parked vehicle?
Witness accounts often provide crucial leads in hit-and-run investigations. Individuals who observed the incident, even fleetingly, may possess valuable information about the suspect vehicle’s description, license plate number, or the driver’s actions. These accounts can significantly narrow the scope of the investigation and increase the likelihood of identifying the responsible party. Therefore, law enforcement diligently seeks out and interviews potential witnesses in the vicinity of the collision, recognizing their potential to unlock the mystery and bring closure to the case.
Question 5: If a driver is found responsible for a hit and run, can the victim pursue a civil lawsuit beyond insurance coverage?
In situations where the at-fault driver is identified, the victim of a hit and run retains the right to pursue a civil lawsuit to recover damages exceeding the limitations of insurance coverage. This legal avenue allows for compensation for economic losses, such as medical expenses and lost wages, as well as non-economic damages, including pain and suffering. However, pursuing a civil lawsuit requires demonstrating the at-fault driver’s negligence and establishing a causal link between their actions and the damages incurred, often necessitating the assistance of legal counsel.
Question 6: What steps can be taken to prevent future hit and run incidents involving parked cars?
While preventing a hit and run entirely is not always possible, several proactive measures can mitigate the risk. Parking in well-lit areas with higher visibility, installing dash cameras with parking mode, and maintaining comprehensive insurance coverage are prudent steps. Furthermore, promptly reporting any suspicious activity or potential hazards to local authorities can contribute to a safer environment for parked vehicles. Vigilance and proactive planning serve as essential components in minimizing the likelihood of becoming a victim of a hit and run.
These frequently asked questions offer insights into the complexities surrounding hit and run incidents involving parked cars in Washington State. Understanding the legal requirements, available resources, and proactive measures empowers individuals to navigate these challenging situations effectively.
The following section delves into resources available to victims and provides guidance on preventing future incidents. This seeks to empower the audience after such events,
Guarding Against the Unseen
The experience of discovering a damaged parked car, victim of a hit and run, is an unwelcome jolt to the order of daily life. While complete prevention remains elusive, proactive measures can mitigate the risk. These tips, gleaned from the collective experiences of those who have faced this adversity, offer a degree of protection against the unforeseen.
Tip 1: Choose Parking Locations with Vigilance: Seek out well-lit, high-traffic areas whenever possible. The anonymity sought by hit-and-run drivers thrives in darkness and isolation. Parking near security cameras or within sightlines of businesses can deter potential offenders and provide crucial evidence should an incident occur. Consider the story of a Seattle resident whose vehicle, parked under a streetlamp, was struck. The well-lit environment made it easier for a witness to identify the fleeing vehicle, leading to the driver’s apprehension. Visibility serves as a silent deterrent and an invaluable asset in the aftermath.
Tip 2: Invest in a Reliable Dash Camera with Parking Mode: Modern dash cameras, equipped with parking mode, can act as silent sentinels, recording events even when the vehicle is unattended. These devices activate upon detecting motion or impact, capturing valuable footage of potential hit-and-run incidents. While the initial investment may seem significant, the peace of mind and potential evidentiary value far outweigh the cost. A Tacoma homeowner discovered their parked car damaged, but the dash cam provided crystal-clear video of the offending vehicle and driver, simplifying the insurance claim and leading to the driver’s identification.
Tip 3: Document Pre-Existing Damage Meticulously: Before leaving a vehicle unattended, take photos or videos documenting any existing scratches, dents, or imperfections. This practice prevents disputes with insurance companies and ensures fair compensation for new damage incurred in a hit-and-run incident. A Bellevue resident learned this lesson after a hit and run exacerbated an existing dent. Without prior documentation, the insurance company initially disputed the extent of the new damage, leading to delays and frustration.
Tip 4: Maximize Visibility with Reflective Bumper Strips: Applying reflective bumper strips can enhance the visibility of a parked car, particularly at night or in low-light conditions. These strips increase the likelihood that other drivers will see the vehicle, reducing the risk of accidental collisions. While not foolproof, this simple and inexpensive measure adds a layer of protection against careless drivers.
Tip 5: Understand the Scope of Your Insurance Coverage: Familiarize oneself with the details of auto insurance policy, paying particular attention to Uninsured Motorist Property Damage (UMPD) coverage and collision coverage. Understand the deductibles and policy limits. Knowing the extent of protection empowers a prompt and informed response in the event of a hit and run. One should not wait for the event to check with their insurance policy.
Tip 6: Report Suspicious Activity Immediately: If witnessing a collision involving a parked vehicle, or observing suspicious behavior around parked cars, do not hesitate to contact local law enforcement. Provide as much detail as possible, including vehicle descriptions, license plate numbers, and the direction of travel. Citizen vigilance plays a crucial role in deterring crime and holding offenders accountable.
Tip 7: Support Legislation that Enhances Accountability: Advocate for legislation that increases penalties for hit-and-run offenses and provides greater resources for law enforcement to investigate these crimes. Active participation in the democratic process can contribute to a safer and more accountable community.
These tips, drawn from the experiences of others, offer a pragmatic approach to mitigating the risks associated with leaving a vehicle parked in Washington State. While not a guarantee against misfortune, these measures enhance awareness, increase visibility, and empower a more resilient response to the unforeseen. The journey towards safeguarding personal property begins with preparedness and informed action.
The concluding section will summarize the critical points and offer a final perspective on navigating the challenges posed by hit and run incidents involving parked cars in Washington State.
Hit and Run Parked Car Washington State
This exploration of the legal landscape, financial implications, and potential avenues of recourse surrounding “hit and run parked car washington state” reveals a persistent shadow cast across the state’s roadways. From the legal obligation to report, to the complex web of insurance coverage, to the vital role of witness accounts, the consequences of this crime are far-reaching. Each element analyzed underscores the need for heightened awareness and proactive measures to protect against the irresponsibility of others.
The anecdote of old Mr. Hemlock comes to mind. He dedicated his life to a simple life and discovered his car hit. Let it be recognized and always be known that the impact of fleeing the scene can be long. It can ripple beyond the initial damage, affecting the sense of security and trust within a community. Therefore, a commitment must be made to uphold the principles of accountability and responsibility on Washington’s roads, ensuring that the victims of such incidents are not left to bear the burden alone. Let this serve as a catalyst for change, and always remember that every action counts.
